Lighting control system
Lighting control system consists of a device, typically an embedded processor or industrial computer, that controls electric lights for a building or residence. Lighting control systems usually include one or more keypads or touch panel interfaces. These interfaces allow users the ability to toggle power to lights and fans, dim lights, and program lighting levels.
A major advantage of a lighting control system over conventional lighting is the ability to control any device from any interface. For example, a master touch panel might allow the user the ability to control all lights in a building, not just a single room. In fact, any light might be controlled from any location.
In addition, lighting control systems provide the ability to automatically power a device based on programming events such as:
- Chronological time (time of day)
- Astronomical time (sunrise/sunset)
- Room occupancy
- Events
- Alarm conditions
- Program logic (any combination of events)
Chronological time is a time of day or offset from a time. Astronomical times includes sunrise, sunset, a day, or specific days in a month or year. Room occupancy might be determined with motion detectors or RFID tags. Events might include holidays or birthdays. Alarm conditions might include a door opening or motion detected in a protected area. Program logic can tie all of the above elements together using constructs such as if-then-else statements and logical operators.
Light dependent resistor (LDR) is used to keep track of the intensity of the day light and an obstacle sensor is used to detect persons entering inside. The output of the LDR and obstacle sensor is given to the microcontroller. A bulb is connected to the microcontroller through a driver and a relay. During day, when the day light is bright, the bulb will be off irrespective of persons entering inside the room. During night, when the light intensity is completely decreased, the bulb will glow only if someone enters inside the room. This saves the power.
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